A network synchronization plan is required for the synchronization
of telecommunication and data networks. The master/slave principle is
generally used for network synchronization. Plesiochronous operation
of systems or network elements is also possible. In digital island networks
with analog environment or analog connection to other networks the network
frequency does not have to be absolutely accurate. It is sufficient for
all the systems interconnected in a network to operate synchronously
in relation to one another. However, if networks are digitally connected,
absolute accuracy is essential if the connection is to be operated in
plesiochronous mode, since the bit slip rate must be limited. Networks
can be operated here in pseudosynchronous mode, meaning that each has
free-run accuracy of 1 x 10 exp – 11.